direct crowding-out effect

См. также в других словарях:

• Economic history of Portugal — This article covers the economic history of Portugal.Portugal was once one of the largest and most powerful political and economic powers in the world. Since the 16th century to the end of the Estado Novo regime in 1974, Portugal s dominions were …   Wikipedia

• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 — Stimulus bill redirects here. For other uses, see Stimulus bill (disambiguation). ARRA redirects here. For other uses, see ARRA (disambiguation). American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 Full title An act making supplemental appropriations… …   Wikipedia

• Fiscal multiplier — This article is about the effect of spending on national income. For the multiplier effect in banking, see Fractional reserve banking. In economics, the fiscal multiplier is the ratio of a change in national income to the change in government… …   Wikipedia

• Austria — Austrian, adj., n. /aw stree euh/, n. a republic in central Europe. 8,054,078; 32,381 sq. mi. (83,865 sq. km). Cap.: Vienna. German, Österreich. * * * Austria Introduction Austria Background: Once the center of power for the large Austro… …   Universalium

• Organizational dissent — is the expression of disagreement or contradictory opinions about organizational practices and policies (Kassing, 1998). Since dissent involves disagreement it can lead to conflict, which if not resolved, can lead to violence and struggle. As a… …   Wikipedia

• Economy of Morocco — 100 Moroccan dirham Rank 54th Currency Moroccan Dirham (MAD) …   Wikipedia

• List of finance topics — Topics in finance include:Fundamental financial concepts* Finance an overview ** Arbitrage ** Capital (economics) ** Capital asset pricing model ** Cash flow ** Cash flow matching ** Debt *** Default *** Consumer debt *** Debt consolidation ***… …   Wikipedia

• Outline of finance — The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to finance: Finance – addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses and organizations raise, allocate and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks… …   Wikipedia

• Human rights in the United States — In 1776, Thomas Jefferson proposed a philosophy of human rights inherent to all people in the Declaration of Independence, asserting that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that… …   Wikipedia

• Invasive species — See also: List of invasive species, Introduced species, Pest (organism), and Weed North American beavers constitute an invasive species in Tierra del Fuego, where they have a substantial impact on landscape and local ecology through their… …   Wikipedia

• Alcoholism — • The term is understood to include all the changes that may occur in the human organism after the ingestion of any form of alcohol Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Alcoholism     Alcoholism …   Catholic encyclopedia